China pairs packs of ‘robowolves’ with soldiers

China is taking another step forward in integrating robotic systems into its military, this time with the introduction of “robowolves.” They’re Quadrupedal Unmanned Ground Vehicles (Q-UGVs) now equipped for reconnaissance and precision strike missions. 

In recent exercises shown on Chinese state media, the robot canines were deployed alongside dismounted PLA infantry, maneuvering across rugged terrain and engaging simulated enemy targets.

Q-UGVs — or ‘robodogs‘ as they are often called — have become a regular feature in both civilian and defense applications. In the civilian world, they are used for jobs like search and rescue, equipment transport, and environmental monitoring. Militaries around the world, including China and the United States, have adapted them for high-risk missions such as minefield surveying, tripwire detection, and even some limited combat roles. China says its latest iterations are different.

According to China Central Television (CCTV), the robowolves are heavier, smarter, and more combat-ready than earlier models. CCTV reported they can navigate various terrains and carry out precision strikes from up to 100 meters (328 feet) away. The Chinese state broadcaster also said the robotic wolves can carry assault rifles and operate in coordinated packs, mimicking real wolf behavior by dividing roles — some robots acting as scouts, others as shooters or ammo carriers.

When did the robowolves debut?

The robot wolves made their public debut in November 2024, during a military exercise involving two infantry companies from the PLA’s 76th Group Army. As reported by the Global Times, the PLA conducted a human-drone collaborative operation where robowolves and first-person view (FPV) drones executed precision strikes and provided cover during simulated breakthroughs in hilly terrain.

The units are developed by China South Industries Group Corporation, and weigh a little more than 150 pounds. They’re designed to operate in both urban and rural environments, even mountainous regions — terrain that would typically challenge traditional mechanized units.

One Chinese military expert told the Global Times that ground-based robotic systems like these may have a greater impact on the battlefield than drones. He noted the psychological impact of facing seemingly relentless robotic adversaries, stating that “even if you manage to destroy some units, more could keep advancing,” potentially demoralizing enemy forces.

Strategic implications of robowolves

The PLA’s embrace of robowolves is more than just a technological upgrade — it’s a strategic signal. Chong Ja Ian, an associate professor at the National University of Singapore, told AFP the public showcase of these systems is “in part to instill national pride domestically, but also to intimidate potential adversaries externally.”

China’s fleet of robotic weapons was featured in previous joint military drills with Cambodia and will likely appear in future multinational operations. The PLA believes that — with their superior mobility, onboard weapons, and improved swarm coordination capabilities — robowolves could alter tactical calculations in future engagements.

Limitations: power, payload, and practicality

Despite their growing sophistication, Q-UGVs still face significant limitations — and China is not alone in encountering them. U.S. military trials and industry expos revealed several hurdles.

 Numerous  military service members asked to use Q-UGVs have told Straight Arrow News that battery life remains a major concern. Moving on the ground, over obstacles and through the elements while hauling a load takes a lot of energy. As one service member put it, when you’re putting your life in the paws of a robo-bestfriend, you want to make sure it won’t need a recharge right when the bullets start flying.

Payload capacity is another issue. While some robodogs are equipped with rifles or belt-fed weapons, they cannot reload themselves. Extra weight also limits mobility and burns more power. As a result, many U.S. units currently only use Q-UGVs in support roles like explosive ordnance disposal or limited perimeter patrols.

Different paths: US focus still on aerial options

While China further develops its ground-based robotic systems, the U.S. and its allies appear more committed to enhancing aerial and naval drone capabilities.

In a recent trial, BAE Systems successfully launched a precision munition from a modified multi-rotor drone. The munition used was an APKWS rocket, and it destroyed several aerial targets without missing; marking the first successful air-to-air use of the system from a drone platform.

“This marks a major step forward in the development of a low-cost strike and counter UAS option for frontline troops,” said Anthony Gregory, BAE’s Business Development Director. “These trials have significantly advanced our ability to deliver this new tactical option at a fraction of the cost of conventional means.”

So, while China’s robowolves may look intimidating and futuristic, experts SAN spoke to caution against overstating their immediate battlefield impact, and say to take comfort in knowing the idea of large packs of robocanids conducting warfare on behalf of their human masters is still more science fiction than science fact.

Still, their presence underscores a broader trend — the militarization of robotics is accelerating, and future conflicts may be shaped not just by boots on the ground, but by paws, rotors and silicon.