While Labor Day marks the unofficial end of summer for many, it’s also the final day of Congress’ August recess, with lawmakers returning to Washington Tuesday to a series of budget and spending battles.
Earlier this summer, Congress passed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, a budget resolution creating a framework for advancing many of President Donald Trump’s policy priorities in the coming years.
But a budget resolution is merely a kind of high-level fiscal roadmap designating top-line spending. Appropriations bills are what’s needed to provide funding to government agencies, but Congress often struggles to pass them by Sept. 30 – the end of the government’s fiscal year – and instead passes short-term stopgap bills to avert a government shutdown.
Of the 12 annual appropriations bills, the House passed its version of the defense and National Security, State, and Foreign Operations spending bills in July, while the Senate passed a minibus of spending bills for the Departments of Agriculture, Veterans Affairs, and Congress itself just before its August recess. Each chamber needs to pass its own version of each appropriations bill; the House and Senate versions will go to a conference committee that will work to reconcile the versions into a single, final bill that must be passed by both chambers before going to the president.
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Author: Ray Hilbrich
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