Cadegiani et al.: Catecholamines (dopamine etc.) are key triggers of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis & sudden deaths (Pfizer & Moderna) (as well as via virus): hypothesis supported by

Are catecholamines in a “hypercatecholaminergic” state the key trigger of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-induced myocarditis and related crippling outcomes? Are there similar risks post COVID-19 infection? Is the adrenaline (catecholamine) rush when under stress or exercise conditions (or rising at dawn) what triggers the cardiac arrest and death in a ‘silent myocarditis’ vaccine-induced scarred heart?

SOURCE:

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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35971401/

‘The rationale and data that supported the hypothesis were as follows: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-induced myocarditis primarily affected young males, while the risk was not observed following COVID-19 infection; independent autopsies or biopsies of patients who presented post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine myocarditis in different geographical regions enabled the conclusion that a primary hypercatecholaminergic state was the key trigger of these events;

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA was densely present, and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was progressively produced in adrenal medulla chromaffin cells, which are responsible for catecholamine production; the dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase enzyme that converts dopamine into noradrenaline was overexpressed in the presence of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA, leading to enhanced noradrenaline activity;

catecholamine responses were physiologically higher in young adults and males than in other populations;

catecholamine responses and resting catecholamine production were higher in male athletes than in non-athletes;

catecholamine responses to stress and its sensitivity were enhanced in the presence of androgens; and catecholamine expressions in young male athletes were already high at baseline, were higher following vaccination, and were higher than those in non-vaccinated athletes.

The epidemiological, autopsy, molecular, and physiological findings unanimously and strongly suggest that a hypercatecholaminergic state is the critical trigger of the rare cases of myocarditis due to components from SARS-CoV-2, potentially increasing sudden deaths among elite male athletes.’

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